Author: Joseph Dugan

Louis Armstrong: Pioneer of Jazz

Louis Armstrong: Pioneer of Jazz

On August 4, 1901, Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans. Until the age of five, Armstrong’s grandmother was his caregiver. At the age of six, he attended the Fisk…
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Billie Holiday: Improving the Improv

Billie Holiday: Improving the Improv

Eleanora Fagan was born on April 7, 1915 in Philadelphia. As a child, she started going by Billie Holiday, Billie from Billie Dove and Holiday from her dad. She began…
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Bessie Smith: The Empress of the Blues

On April 15, 1894, Bessie Smith was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Her parents and brother had died by the time Smith was nine, leaving her sister Viola as the caretaker.…
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The Harlem Renaissance: Duke Ellington

On April 29, 1899, Edward Kennedy Ellington was born in Washington D.C.. Both of his parents were musicians, and so Ellington began his piano studies at the age of seven.…
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